Reflections on Randomized Trials and Observational Studies
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A comparison of observational studies and randomized, controlled trials
BACKGROUND For many years it has been claimed that observational studies find stronger treatment effects than randomized, controlled trials. We compared the results of observational studies with those of randomized, controlled trials. METHODS We searched the Abridged Index Medicus and Cochrane data bases to identify observational studies reported between 1985 and 1998 that compared two or mor...
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In many randomized and observational studies the allocation of treatment among a sample of n independent and identically distributed units is a function of the covariates of all sampled units. As a result, the treatment labels among the units are possibly dependent, complicating estimation and posing challenges for statistical inference. For example, cluster randomized trials frequently sample ...
متن کاملObservational studies are complementary to randomized controlled trials.
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard study design to investigate the effect of health interventions, including treatment. However, in some situations, it may be unnecessary, inappropriate, impossible, or inadequate to perform an RCT. In these special situations, well-designed observational studies, including cohort and case-control studies, may provide an alterna...
متن کاملObservational studies: going beyond the boundaries of randomized controlled trials.
The term observational study describes a wide range of study designs including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies, a defining feature of which is that any intervention studied is determined by clinical practice and not the protocol. Data from large, prospective observational studies provide information about the safety and efficacy of...
متن کاملSystematic Review of Observational Studies With Validation in Randomized Trials
Structured summary 2 Provide a structured summary including, as applicable: background; objectives; data sources; study eligibility criteria,participants, and interventions; study appraisal and synthesis methods; results; limitations; conclusions andimplications of key findings; systematic review registration number.2
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Circulation
سال: 2019
ISSN: 0009-7322,1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041894